Gabon has marked a milestone in its political history with the promulgation of a new Constitution that ushers in the Fifth Republic. In a solemn ceremony held on December 19, 2024, at the Plaza of Liberation in Libreville, the Transitional President, General Brice Clotaire Oligui Nguema, signed the constitutional text adopted by referendum last November with an overwhelming 91.64% approval. This moment, laden with symbolism, seeks to lay the foundations for a renewed state following the fall of the Bongo dynasty in 2023.
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The new Constitution, now the country’s fundamental law, focuses on strengthening the rule of law, guaranteeing human rights, and promoting fair and accessible justice for all. In his speech, General Oligui Nguema emphasized that this document represents more than a legal reform; it is a foundational act for the reconstruction of Gabon. “The Fifth Republic must be a springboard for renewal, a reflection of our history and aspirations,” he declared before an audience that included senior officials of the Transition, religious representatives, and constitutional judges.
Internationally, this move is seen as Gabon’s attempt to consolidate its political stability and restore trust in its institutions after decades of dynastic governance. The transition led by Oligui Nguema has drawn global attention, particularly following the promise of an inclusive and transparent process. The reform also paves the way for presidential, legislative, and local elections in 2025, deemed essential to completing the transition and restoring democratic order in the country.
The ceremony took place in front of the monument inaugurated last August in honor of the soldiers who led the political change. During the event, the president stressed the importance of unity and mutual respect as pillars for implementing this Constitution. “The transparency, political maturity, and commitment demonstrated by the Gabonese people are a testament to our ability to build a renewed and cohesive nation,” stated Oligui Nguema.
Gabon now faces the challenge of translating the principles of the new Constitution into concrete actions. The international community will closely monitor the progress of this transition, with the expectation that it could become a model for democratic renewal in Central Africa. The Fifth Republic, in the words of its leader, aims to stand as a counterpoint to the old methods of governance and as an example of a new era founded on integrity, justice, and progress.